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The Hydropower Boom in Africa: A Green Energy Revolution Africa is tapping into its immense hydropower potential, ushering in an era of renewable energy. With monumental projects like Ethiopia’s Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) and the Inga Dams in the Democratic Republic of Congo, the continent is gearing up to address its energy demands sustainably while driving economic growth.
Northern Kenya is a region rich in resources, cultural diversity, and strategic trade potential, yet it remains underutilized in the national development agenda.
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On 7 July 2025 the familiar echoes of Saba Saba rolled through Nairobi, Kisumu, Mombasa and Nakuru, where demonstrators voiced anger over soaring prices, police excesses and entrenched corruption; yet in the thick of the clamour Raila Odinga chose the microphone rather than the megaphone of the street, insisting that Kenya’s salvation lies not in escalating confrontation but in disciplined political engineering.
He acknowledged the public’s hardship, noted the deepening distrust in state institutions and conceded that citizens have every right to protest, but he argued that repeated clashes drain energy that should power a strategic rescue plan and he set out to redirect that energy with precision.
Odinga’s central prescription is the swift formation of a National Conclave, an inclusive forum that would gather political leaders across the aisle, civic groups, faith representatives, youth delegates and professional economists; its sole mandate would be to isolate the structural causes of Kenya’s economic paralysis and governance failures, craft an actionable slate of reforms and submit the package to a national referendum for ratification.
He declared that such a conclave must be limited in duration yet unlimited in candour, and its recommendations must bind Parliament, the Executive and future administrations, thereby restoring public faith in democratic procedures.
Invoking the original 1990 struggle that broke single‑party rule, Odinga reminded the nation that Saba Saba was conceived in discipline and guided by clear constitutional vision; it was never a licence for anarchy, nor a partisan trophy.
He urged demonstrators to protect that heritage by refusing tactics that invite needless bloodshed, and he cautioned political actors against hijacking the symbolism of the day for short‑term advantage. In his reading, the genuine homage to the 1990 martyrs is a recommitment to peaceful civic engagement that yields tangible institutional change.
Raila condensed the country’s sprawling grievances into four non‑negotiable reform pillars. First, police accountability must shift from sporadic inquiries to a permanent civilian oversight authority with prosecutorial teeth capable of ending impunity. Second, transparency in government must be fortified through public‑finance audits that automatically trigger legal consequences for misappropriation, thereby dismantling corruption networks that suffocate economic growth.
Third, youth empowerment demands an aggressive employment and credit initiative that links vocational training to targeted industry incentives, ensuring young Kenyans enter an economy designed to absorb their skills. Fourth, democratic re‑engineering requires a consensual constitutional review, to be validated via referendum, that recalibrates power‑sharing, strengthens devolution and immunises electoral management bodies from political interference.
Concluding his address, Odinga posed a stark choice to the nation: pursue orderly reform through dialogue, or witness further erosion of social cohesion as unchecked anger erupts in the streets. He insisted that Kenya’s destiny depends on leadership willing to confront ugly truths without resorting to force, and on citizens prepared to channel frustration into constructive participation.
Saba Saba 2025, in his view, will be judged not by the volume of tear gas spent but by whether Kenya seizes the chance to convert protest into policy and restore hope through deliberate institutional repair.
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